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All Authors 4th Semester 2024 CIWE-1

Author Born Occupation Language Major Works Key Themes Significance Style Jayanta Mahapatra 1928, Cuttack, Odisha, India Poet, essayist, teacher Primarily English; native language Oriya The Abandoned British Cemetery at Balasore Indian culture and tradition Sense of displacement and alienation Interactions between past and present Landscape and spirituality One of the first Indian poets in English to gain international recognition. Focuses on Odisha. Lyrical and evocative; deep imagery rooted in Indian history, culture, and landscape. Keki N. Daruwalla 1937, Lahore, British India (now Pakistan) Poet, short story writer, former IPS officer Primarily English Wolf, Hawk Violence and conflict Mythology and history Nature and animals The human condition Leading contemporary Indian poet; blends personal and political elements. Vivid descriptions, strong narrative structures; blends realism with mythic elements. Kamala Das 1934, Thrissur, Kerala, India Poet, short story writer, essayist, auto...
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Vikram Seth: Author Overview

Born: 1952, Kolkata, India Occupation: Novelist, poet, and essayist. Language: Primarily writes in English, though he has translated works from Chinese. Key Themes in His Work: The complexities of human relationships Cross-cultural experiences Travel and self-discovery Nature and landscape Significance: Best known for his novel A Suitable Boy, but he is also a highly regarded poet. His poetry and prose are noted for their narrative style and exploration of diverse themes, from Indian life to global cultures. Style: His poetry is lyrical, often blending simplicity with deep emotions and reflections on life. In The Humble Administrator’s Garden, he evokes rich imagery of Chinese gardens, connecting nature with philosophical musings. Seth’s writing tends to be meditative, carefully exploring human experiences and emotions. Vikram Seth: Introduction Vikram Seth, born in 1952 in Kolkata, India, is a well-known writer who works in poetry, novels, and essays. His writing is celebrated for its...

Kamala Das: Author Overview

Born: 1934, Thrissur, Kerala, India Died: 2009 Occupation: Poet, short story writer, essayist, and autobiographer. Language: Primarily wrote in English and Malayalam. Key Themes in Her Work: Love and longing Memory and personal experiences Female identity and sexuality Domestic life and relationships Significance: A pioneering figure in Indian writing, known for her candid explorations of womanhood, love, and desire. Her confessional style challenged traditional norms, particularly when it came to exploring female sexuality. Style: Her poetry is intensely personal, often exploring themes of unrequited love, loneliness, and the roles of women in society. A Hot Noon in Malabar and My Grandmother’s House are rich in personal memories and cultural elements, giving readers insight into her life and emotions. Kamala Das: Introduction Kamala Das, born in 1934 in Thrissur, Kerala, and who passed away in 2009, is a key figure in Indian literature. Known for her honest and personal writing, Das...

Keki N. Daruwalla: Author Overview

Born: 1937, Lahore, British India (now Pakistan) Occupation: Poet, short story writer, and former Indian Police Service (IPS) officer. Language: Primarily writes in English, although his work reflects his deep connection to India. Key Themes in His Work: Violence and conflict Mythology and history Nature and animals The human condition, including existential questions Significance: One of the leading poets in contemporary Indian English literature. Known for his powerful use of imagery and his ability to mix the personal with the political. Style: Known for vivid descriptions, strong narrative structures, and blending of realism with mythic elements. His poems like Wolf and Hawk reflect his fascination with nature and often use animals as metaphors for human emotions and experiences. Keki N. Daruwalla: Introduction Keki N. Daruwalla, born in 1937 in Lahore (now Pakistan), is a notable Indian poet and short story writer. His work is famous for its strong descriptions and storytelling. D...

Jayanta Mahapatra: Author Overview

Jayanta Mahapatra: Author Overview Born: 1928, Cuttack, Odisha, India Occupation: Poet, essayist, and teacher Language: Primarily writes in English, though he’s from a region where Oriya is the native language. Key Themes in His Work: Indian culture and tradition Sense of displacement and alienation Interactions between past and present Landscape and spirituality Significance: One of the first Indian poets writing in English to gain international recognition. Often described as a "poet of place," especially focusing on his home state of Odisha. Style: Lyrical and evocative, with deep imagery rooted in Indian history and landscape. Mahapatra’s work often reflects personal memories alongside the larger canvas of Indian culture, history, and mythology. Jayanta Mahapatra: Introduction Jayanta Mahapatra, born in 1928 in Cuttack, Odisha, is a significant Indian poet who writes in English. His poetry is known for exploring the theme of illusions, mixing reality with spiritual or abs...

State the elements of Modern Indian Drama with references from the texts that you have studied.

 Modern Indian drama has evolved as a rich and complex art form, reflecting the social, political, and cultural changes that have shaped India over the last century. While it is rooted in the ancient traditions of Indian theater, modern Indian drama distinguishes itself through its engagement with contemporary issues, its experimentation with form and style, and its exploration of the human condition in a rapidly changing society. This essay critically examines the elements of modern Indian drama, drawing on references from notable works that exemplify its key characteristics. 1. Social Realism and Critique of Society One of the defining elements of modern Indian drama is its focus on social realism and its critique of society. Playwrights use the stage as a platform to address pressing social issues such as caste discrimination, gender inequality, economic disparity, and communal tensions. These themes are explored with a stark realism that seeks to provoke thought and inspire cha...

Nehru’s Autobiography speaks about India’s culture and tradition. Comment.

 Jawaharlal Nehru’s autobiography, An Autobiography (also known as Toward Freedom), is not only a personal account of his life and the Indian freedom struggle but also a profound exploration of India’s rich culture and tradition. Nehru, as a key architect of modern India, offers readers a unique perspective on the country’s heritage, history, and the complex tapestry of its cultural identity. Through his reflections, Nehru provides insights into the diverse and pluralistic nature of Indian society, highlighting the enduring values that have shaped the nation while also acknowledging the challenges and contradictions within its cultural fabric. 1. India’s Historical Continuity One of the central themes in Nehru’s autobiography is the idea of India as an ancient civilization with an unbroken historical continuity. Nehru delves into the depth of India’s past, tracing its cultural and intellectual achievements back to the Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic age, and the rise of great empi...